Family feuds, war and bloodshed – England’s medieval Game of Thrones

Research shows how an 800-year-old conflict known as the Anarchy still marks England’s landscape

England’s first civil war raged for almost 20 years – and outdid Game of Thrones for violence and treachery. Indeed, the 12th-century conflict was so intense it changed the landscape of the nation for decades, according to newly published archaeological research.

Fortified villages and churches appeared across the country. Rivals to the king’s mints made coins in different territories. And a network of castles – to hold back rebels – was constructed.

Related: Game of Thrones has hacked our history | Suzannah Lipscomb

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